Bracing and splinting: How orthotics can support joint stability in EDS and HSD

Living with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) or Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder (HSD) can present unique challenges, particularly when it comes to joint stability. Because connective tissues are affected, individuals often experience joint hypermobility, which can lead to discomfort and even injury. One way to manage these issues is through the use of orthotic devices, including braces and splints.

Orthotics are specially designed devices that provide support and stability to joints that are prone to excessive movement. These devices are not just for those recovering from injuries; they can be integral to daily management and prevention strategies for people with EDS and HSD.

So, what types of braces and splints could be beneficial, and how do they work?

Types of Braces and Splints

Orthotic devices come in various forms tailored to support different joints:

• Wrist Splints: Essential for individuals experiencing wrist instability or pain. These splints are usually lightweight and can be worn throughout the day and night to provide continuous support.
• Knee Braces: Useful for those with knee hypermobility. Knee braces can offer varying levels of support, from basic compression sleeves to more structured devices with hinges.
• Ankle Braces: These braces help stabilise the ankle and prevent sprains, which are common in hypermobile joints. They can range from simple wrap-around straps to more rigid designs.
• Thumb Splints: For those who experience thumb joint instability or pain, thumb splints can be incredibly beneficial. These typically involve a combination of rigid support and flexible material for comfort.

How Braces and Splints Support Joint Stability

The primary purpose of orthotic devices is to limit excessive movement in the joints. By doing so, they help prevent injuries like dislocations and sprains, which are more common in hypermobile individuals. Braces and splints also provide a proprioceptive benefit—that is, they help your body 'sense' the positioning of your joints, which can improve overall control and stability.

Here's how they can make a real difference:

• Pain Reduction: By minimising unnecessary movement, these devices can significantly reduce joint pain. When the joints are more stable, there's less strain on surrounding muscles and ligaments.
• Improved Function: Wearing a brace or splint can make everyday tasks more manageable by providing the necessary support. Simple activities that once seemed difficult can become easier and less painful.
• Enhanced Mobility: While it might seem counterintuitive, restricting excessive movement with a brace can actually enhance your overall mobility. By protecting vulnerable joints, you reduce the likelihood of injuries that would otherwise limit your activity.
• Confidence Boost: Knowing that you have additional support can boost your confidence to engage in daily activities and exercise, which are crucial for maintaining overall health.

Considerations and Customisation

There are various off-the-shelf braces and splints available, but in some cases, custom orthotics might be necessary. Consulting with a healthcare provider, such as a physiotherapist or an orthotist, can help determine the most appropriate device for your specific needs. They can also guide you on how to properly fit and use these devices to maximise their benefits.

While orthotics can be incredibly beneficial, it's essential to use them as part of a broader management strategy that includes exercise, physiotherapy, and possibly lifestyle changes. Over-reliance on braces and splints without addressing underlying muscle strength and joint control can lead to further complications.

Orthotic devices like braces and splints offer a valuable means of supporting joint stability for those with EDS and HSD. By reducing pain, improving function, and enhancing mobility, they serve as a critical component in managing these conditions. Always work closely with healthcare providers to ensure these devices are tailored to your unique needs, fostering a more comfortable and active lifestyle.